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【國際關係深度評 🇺🇸🇨🇳】 國際制裁研究者的觀點:習近平情願特朗普當選?(上)

去年在英國拜訪一位學界前輩,他是英國研究中國問題的首席專家之一。他私底下和我這樣說:以他和中方外交官員掌握,他們都在期望特朗普今年在美國回朝,然後「甚麼也不用做」,就可可以「自然而然」地成功「解放」台灣。當然,這幾句說話中間經過非常 jumpy 的邏輯,但大意已經很清晰:因為特朗普是一個願意和強權「做deal」的人,中共有信心在他手上「deal回」台灣。

這種觀點當然只是一家之言。以特朗普的不可測性,究竟上台後的局勢變成怎樣,相信連他自己也不知道。不過肯定的是,他在歐洲主流領袖、評論員眼中非常不受歡迎,他們正在進行文宣,宣傳一旦特朗普再上台,就會是自由世界的悲劇,也為中國、俄羅斯這類國家最樂見。

日前專門研究國際制裁的歐洲學者 Agathe Demarais 在《Foreign Policy》撰文,提出「習近平希望特朗普回朝」的五點原因,就很值得我們參考。

簡單而言,她認為特朗普回朝符合中國的國家利益,因為:

1. 特朗普自私自利,無視從前美國領袖對盟友做出過的承諾,也無視條約的任何規定,還會和盟友打貿易戰,這些動作只會加深美國和歐洲之間的分歧和裂痕,削弱全球民主陣營的合作,最後令整個民主陣營失去和非民主陣營的競爭力,「中國模式」就可以大行其道;

2. 特朗普上台後,可能會廢除大部份目前對俄羅斯的制裁,改為盡力促成俄烏戰爭儘快(在烏克蘭讓步的前提下)結束,以免繼續讓美國負擔戰爭開始,而這只會對中國可能作出相類似的對外侵略行為,作出實質鼓勵;

3. 特朗普可能隨便實施制裁、或解除制裁,而無視背後的宏觀影響,結果這些不按常規部署的經濟動作,只會損及美元作為國際貨幣的公信力,令各國有更大誘因「去美元化」,並加入中國的有關「去美元化」的金融實驗,作為自己有備無患的對沖;

4. 特朗普不重視發展中國家,並對它們充滿歧視,但這些國家正成為兩大陣營之間的關鍵中間地帶,所以特朗普的美國自我孤立政策,只會令這些國家進一步倒向中國的「一帶一路」,並讓中國更容易從它們得到關鍵能源;

5. 特朗普不重視環保和再生能源,同時堅持與中國打更大規模的貿易戰,兩者加在一起,必然會禁止出口更多技術,包括可再生能源、電動車電池等等。問題是中國已經是這些領域的領先國家,這些禁令只會損害美國企業利益,而不能打擊中國,而且同時還會把有關議題的話語權拱手相讓給中共政權。

就以上論點,大家如何看?明天再談我的回應。

(待續)

▶️ 如果出現特朗普第二任期,烏克蘭、以色列、台海三大衝突熱點會被如何改變?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=54IOv0dWA6Y 

【國際關係深度評 🇺🇸🇨🇳】 國際制裁研究者的觀點:習近平情願特朗普當選?(上)

Comments

中共始終是避險政權。最希望收買台灣政要,接受逐步香港化。開戰不可測性太高。

堅離地書院 College

通常他會先展示實力,才逼人談判,否則很容易 backfire。不過第二任期會很不可測,只能觀望。

堅離地書院 College

如特朗普勝出做美國下屆總統, 相信他會跟俄烏雙方商談, 儘量平息戰爭。但中俄合作的親密關係及影響全球,主要是針對美國的全球領導地位,所以有很多連鎖拉扯權力與利益的問題,長遠政策實在不一定那麼順利, 但短暫的可能達到某些讓步。當然特朗普和美國兩眾議院都會有很多預算準備來衡量現在和未來狀況而定的。

Elaine Yip

We'll see whether Trump—aged but resolute—as a revenge-propelled machine, if reactivated, is powerful enough to dismantle the bastion of checks and balances.

George

我希望有奇蹟出現,如果11月真係投唔落手🙏🏼

Vikki Wong

PS. I don't think Trump is as unpredictable as claimed in his 2nd term, if elected. Vendetta is going to be the theme, regardless of his ability to execute. He has announced that. Cheering him on at your own peril.

悉尼 袋鼠

Bipartisanship is irrelevant to Donald Trump. Half of the GOP has already kissed his pinky ring. All he needs is rallying his MAGA base that has cannibalized the GOP electorates. If there are any resistance to his demands, he usually doubles down with slogans (witch hunt, fake news, etc) and rhetoric, hardly ever backtracking. Many HongKongers have been singing praises of how tough Trump has played his cards with China. I suspect many were probably apathetic to politics (or at least US politics) before 2019. There were instances when China has benefited after Trump has become the POTUS. The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP, now CPTPP), with the implicit intention to exclude China in trade, was negotiated during Obama's Pivot to Asia. That could have been the forerunner of decoupling with China. Trump killed that by withdrawing US participation. (https://www.brookings.edu/articles/trump-withdrawing-from-the-trans-pacific-partnership/) Trump has provided another reprieve to China when he reversed the sanction decision against ZTE. (https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/14/business/zte-trump-china.html) You may argue that's just being part of Trump's unpredictability. Then I shall ask you this: why are you so confident that Trump will be PREDICTABLY hostile to Xi Jinping as you may wish? I believe China prefers Trump to Biden. While Biden is more predictable and hamstrung, that also limits China's options. With the Trump being transactional ('pragmatic' is not quite the right word), more options can be explored, deals done (and then not carried out). Potentially Vladimir Putin will be in the mix. Speaking on Trump, former Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull has the following comment during an appearance on ABC's Q+A program last week: "When you see Trump with Putin, as I have on a few occasions, he’s like the 12-year-old boy who goes to high school and meets the captain of the football team. ‘My hero,' It’s really creepy.” **(https://www.abc.net.au/news/2024-02-27/malcolm-turnbull-on-donald-trump-and-vladimir-putin/103505294) **(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JxQ97AlgHMk)

悉尼 袋鼠

歐洲人當然想美國繼續集中注意力係歐洲支持烏克蘭,美國迫歐洲接受俄烏停火,或者迫歐洲自己再出多啲力,等美國將注意力放回國內或者去亞洲對付中國,都唔付合歐洲人利益。坦白講,俄羅斯對歐洲先威脅大,歐洲人都唔驚中國,法國同德國依然好睇重中國既市場。歐洲人係度講呢啲Trump自私自利,我覺得好虛偽。

GBK

我覺得Trump 嘅不可測性對中國(&任何國家)都唔會係理想打交道對象 對中國而言,一定係奧巴馬/拜登呢d做唔到破格野嘅總統更易應對,「知己知彼 百戰百勝」。

Kirishima

Yes, I do think unless CCP can entirely predict Trump's unpredictability (oxymoron), it would prefer a predictable US government

堅離地書院 College

如敎授所言,某些國家不斷利用民主國家的漏洞,不斷挑起民主國家嘅內部矛盾。Trump都係矛盾上位,唔講原則,都係較易中招。

HK Glory

純問題,中國今日出得起咩價可以 deal 回台灣?如果中國響侵侵下可以奪回台灣,我覺得更大可能性係台灣自己唔夠斤兩俾夠保護費,又或當中共文治武嚇甚至出動兵力時,侵侵愛理不理令台灣主動投降。

Gary Lee

Eight years ago, the CCP already had the idea that Trump was a very pragmatic, business-oriented politician who could easily bypass ideological differences to achieve a "win-win" goal. However, the reality is that he initiated a comprehensive competition between the US and China, which put the CCP going through the mill and significant challenges. Today, China's economic prowess has been dramatically declining. Do Chinese leaders still have the ability to fulfill Trump's ravenous appetites in exchange for their own needs? Moreover, an anti-China stance has become a bipartisan consensus. If Trump were to backtrack, he would face even greater resistance. Consequently, he would demand more from the CCP, considering the higher political costs involved. The Chinese leaders might find it more preferable to continue using tactics such as "sowing the seeds of discord and undermining foundations" (for example, taking advantage of loopholes in democratic systems, capitalizing on the attitude of prioritizing sloganeering and empty rhetoric over real national interests shown by progressivists, and exporting tons of fentanyl to the US through Mexico and Canada). This approach would provide greater control and predictability compared to relying on the unpredictable nature of Trump. One question that likely remains in their minds is whether the time required for effectiveness may be longer than the sustainability of China’s wonky economy.

George


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